Individuals with diabetes are at a higher risk for atherosclerosis due to elevated blood sugar levels, which can damage blood vessels and contribute to the inflammatory processes involved in plaque formation.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that affects the arteries, which are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. This condition is characterized by the buildup of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the arterial walls. These plaques can harden and narrow the arteries, limiting the flow of blood to vital organs and tissues.
The exact cause of atherosclerosis is not fully understood, but several risk factors have been identified:
In its early stages, atherosclerosis may not cause any symptoms. As the condition progresses, it can lead to serious health issues, including:
Diagnosis of atherosclerosis often involves imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI, as well as blood tests to check cholesterol levels. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes, medications, and sometimes surgical procedures to restore blood flow.
High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis. It can damage the endothelium, the delicate inner lining of the arteries, making it easier for cholesterol and other substances to accumulate and form plaques.
High cholesterol, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, is a major contributor to atherosclerosis. LDL cholesterol can infiltrate the arterial walls and become oxidized, initiating and promoting the development of atherosclerotic plaques.
Individuals with diabetes are at a higher risk for atherosclerosis due to elevated blood sugar levels, which can damage blood vessels and contribute to the inflammatory processes involved in plaque formation.